Modals: Lack of Obligation / Necessity in Present

Lack of Obligation / Necessity in Present

(Zorunluluk ve gerekliliğin olmaması)

Don't have to / Doesn't have to

“Have to” kipinin olumsuz şekli olan “don't have to” “yapmak zorunda değilsin / yapmana gerek yok fakat istiyorsan yap” anlamına gelir.
  • You don’t have to study so hard for English exam as you have already learnt it in England.
  • He doesn't have to work because he has got a very rich family.
  • I don’t have to help Tommy to put his school uniform on any more. He can do it himself.

Haven't got to / Hasn't got to

“Don’t have to” ile aynı anlamdadır. Yani “yapmana gerek yok/yapmak zorunda değilsin” ifadesi bu kiple de verilir. “don't have to” dan tek farkı genel anlamda kullanılmamasıdır. Fakat anlam olarak benzemelerine rağmen, bu iki kip yapısal olarak birbirinden farklıdır. “have got to” kipinin yardımcı fiilleri "have/has" iken "have to" kipinin yardımcı fiilleri "do/does" dır.
  • My wife hasn’t got to leave work as we need extra money for our new house.
  • Children haven't got to come early tomorrow.
  • Haven’t you got to get up early tomorrow? You have an interview.

Don't need to / Doesn't need to

“Don’t need to” da, “don’t have to / haven’t got to” kipleri ile ayni anlama sahiptir. Yani “yapmana gerek yok/yapmak zorunda değilsin” anlamına gelmektedir.
  • You don't need to explain it for the second time. I got it.
  • I don't need to wait for you as you already know the way.
  • They don’t need to write the programme again, as they will use the same.

Needn't

“Needn't” da yukarıdaki üç kiple aynı anlamdadır. Yani, “yapmana gerek yok/yapmak zorunda değilsin” demektir. “needn't”, “don't need to” dan yapısal olarak farklıdır. “needn't” yapısındaki “need”, kip (modal) fiil konumunda kullanılırken, “don't need to” yapısındaki “need”, herhangi bir zamana (tense) ait fiil konumunda kullanılabilir.
  • We needn’t buy coal for this winter as we have fixed an air conditioner.
  • One needn't carry a passport in his / her own country.

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