Passive 2: Noun Clause in Passive Forms

NOUN CLAUSE IN PASSIVE FORMS

Bazı İsim Cümleleri (Naun Clause) iki şekilde edilgen (passive) yapılabilir. Bu tür yapılar genellikle aşağıdaki tabloda verilen aktarım fiilleri (reporting verbs) kullanılarak yapılır.

acknowledge
believe
declare
fear
know
report
suspect
project
allege
claim
estimate
feel
expect
say
think
assume
prove
consider
find
understand
suppose




1-“It” öznesi kullanarak:Temel cümlenin içinde passive yapılır; bu durumda “it” öznesi kullanılır “that” den sonraki cümle olan isim cümlesi (noun clause) değişmez.

· People say that he died very poor.
  It is said that he died very poor.

· People said that he died very poor.
  It was said that he died very poor.

· Dieticians claim that sugar and flour are fattening.
  It is claimed that sugar and flour are fattening.

· People in İstanbul fear that a probable earthquake will cause a lot of damage and death.
  It is feared that a probable earthquake will cause a lot of damage and death.

2-İsim cümlesinin öznesini kullanarak: İsim cümlesi (noun clause) içindeki özne temel olarak alınır ve cümlenin başına getirilerek cümle edilgen yapılır. İsim cümlesinin filli mastar olarak (infinitive) degişir ve ana cümlenin yüklemine bağlanır.

· His friend believe that Sam will prove innocent after trail.
  Sam is believed to prove innocent after trail.

· People expect that the Labor Party will win the elections.
  Labor Party is expected to win the elections.

· Doctors say that lemon contains a lot of vitamin C
  Lemon is said to contain a lot of vitamin C

· Some people believe that love means being tolerant.
  Love is believed to mean being tolerant.

· It is announced that students may not bring calculators into the examination hall.
  Students are announced not to bring calculators into the examination hall.

İsim cümlesi (noun clause) nin yüklemi “ be = am, is, are” ise isim cümlesinin filli mastar olarak (infinitive) “to be”ana cümleye bağlanır.

· It is believed that big cities are unsafe at nights.
  Big cities are believed to be unsafe at nights

· It is claimed that the company has plenty of jobs available.
  The company is claimed to have plenty of jobs available.

İsim cümlesi (noun clause) nin yüklemi “ be +Ving” ise isim cümlesinin filli mastar olarak (infinitive) “to be Ving” olarak ana cümleye bağlanır.

· It is stated that the company is selling twenty five percent of its shares.
  The company is stated to be selling twenty five percent of its shares.

· It is observed that children in some African countries are suffering from malnutrition.
  Children in some African countries is observed to be suffering from malnutrition.

İkinci şekilde yapılan passive cümleler içinde ana cümle present “that” e bağlı yan cümle içindeki zaman past olursa “to have +V3” yapısı kullanılır.

· It is assumed that she turned down the offer because of low salary.
  She is assumed to have turned down the offer because of low salary.

· It is claimed that he killed four people.
  He is claimed to have killed four people.

Ana cümle Past Simple “that” e bağlı yan cümle içindeki zaman Past Perfect Simple olursa da “to have +V3” yapısı kullanılır.

· It was suspected that he had resigned because of the scandal involving in bribery.
  He was suspected to have resigned because of the scandal involving in bribery.

Ana cümle present “that” e bağlı yan cümle içindeki zaman present perfect olursa yine“to have +V3” yapısı kullanılır.

· It is understood that the government has introduced a new tax on parking.
  The government is understood to have introduced a new tax on parking.

· It is reported that fighting has broken out among some African tribes in Somalia.
  Fighting is reported to have broken out among some African tribes in Somalia.

Isim cümlesinde yüklem edilgen (passive) olursa ana fiile bağlandığında “passive infinitive” olur. Ana cümlenin ve isim cümleciğinin zaman yapısı uyumlu olursa “to be + V3” kullanılır.

· It is rumoured that the workers’ salary won’t be increased this year.
  The workers’ salary is rumoured not to be increased this year.

· It was said that a new library was going to be designed in San Francisco.
  A new library was said to be designed in San Francisco.

· It is said that Tom is sent abroad by the company every year.
  Tom is said to be sent abroad by the company every year.

· It is stated that thousands of books are copied illegally every year.
  Thousands of books are stated to be copied illegally every year.

Ana cümlenin ve isim cümleciğinin zaman yapısı uyumlu olmaz ise veya yan cümlede“present perfect” veya “past perfect” olursa yan cümledeki yüklem “to have been+ V3” olarak ana cümlenin yüklemine bağlanır.

· The police has just reported that seven valuable carpets were stolen from the mosque.
  Seven valuable carpets have been reported to have been stolen from the mosque.

· It was reported that the money had been stolen by some workers.
  The money was reported to have been stolen by some workers.

· It is claimed that the detainees have been questioned by soldier.
  The detainees is claimed to have been questioned by the soldiers.

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