The Use of Adverbs in Passive Structures
Zarfın yerleşimi zor bir kuraldan ziyade bir teknik meselesidir.İngilizce edilgen bir cümlede zaman zarfları genellikle cümlenin sonunda kullanılır, bu durum edilgen (passive) yapılarda genellikle "by phrase"den sonra gelir.
· Sam was able to mend the radio yesterday.(Active)
The radio was able to be mended by Sam yesterday. (Passive)
· Sally will clean the windows tomorrow.(Active)
The Windows will be cleaned by Sally tomorrow. (Passive)
· Martin must have finished the project by noon.(Active)
The project must have been finished by Martin by noon. (Passive)
Ancak cümlenin sonunda kullanılan bu zarflar vurguyu arttırmak için cümle başında da kullanılabilir.
· Yesterday, the radio was able to be mended by Sam.
· Tomorrow, the windows will be cleaned by Sally.
"Always, usually, just, already" gibi cümle içinde kullanılan zaman zarfları, eğer cümlede başka yardımcı fiil yoksa, "be" fiilinden sonra gelir.
· They always serve tea at five o’clock.(Active)
Tea is always served at five o’clock.(Passive)
· Jenny usually tidies room in the mornings.(Active)
Room is usually tidied by Jenny in the mornings.(Passive)
· Martin last painted the the house two years ago.(Active)
The house last painted by Martin two years ago. (Passive)
Eğer cümlede başka yardımcı fiil varsa, bu zarfların yeri iki şekilde olabilir.
1. yardımcı fiilden sonra
· The cat has just drunk the milk. (Active)
The milk has just been drunk by the cat. (Passive)
2. "be" fiilinden sonra
· Sam has just washed the car.(active)
The car has been just washed by Sam. (Passive)
· The mailman has already delivered the letters. (Active)
The letters have already been delivered by the mailman (Passive)
The letters have been already delivered by the mailman (Passive)
· The government will probably raise taxes again. (Active)
Taxes will be probably raised again by the government. (Passive)
Taxes will probably be raised again by the government. (Passive)
“Probably” olumsuz cümlede kısaltma yapılmışsa “Probably” kısaltma yapılmış olumsuz ifadeden önce kullanılır, kısaltma yapılmamışsa yardımcı fiil ve “not” arasında kullanılır.
· The Mayor probably won’t open the new spor center next week. (Active)
The Mayor will probably not open the new spor center next week. (Active)
· The new spor center probably won’t be opened by the Mayor next week. (Passive)
The new spor center will probably not be opened by the Mayor next week. (Passive)
“Carefully, beautifully, kindly, deeply” gibi durum bildiren zarflar (adverbs of manner) passive cümlede genellikle "be" fiili ile asıl fiil arasında yer alır.
· Sam slowly opened the door.(Active)
The door was slowly opened by Sam. (Passive)
· I sold the strawberries quickly.(Active)
The strawberries were quickly sold (by me) (Passive)
The door was slowly opened by Sam. (Passive)
· I sold the strawberries quickly.(Active)
The strawberries were quickly sold (by me) (Passive)
