Was / Were
Geçmiş zamanda – mesela, dün, geçen ay, geçen hafta, vb. gibi – kişi(ler)nin veya varlığın konumu, durumu, bulunduğu yer, vb. hâllerini anlatan cümlelerde was / were kullanılır.
To be (olmak) fiilinin present (şimdiki zaman) hali am, is, are; past (di’li geçmiş) hali was ve were’dür.
Was; I, he, she, it ile, were; you, we, they ile kullanılır. Örnekleri inceleyiniz.
Bu yapıda olumlu bir cümle şöyle kurulur:
Subject + was / were + place expressions + time expressions.
(Subject: özne; place expressions yer zarfı; time expressions: zaman zarfı; demektir.)
· I was at the market yesterday. (Ben, dün marketteydim.)
· You were very busy yesterday. (Sen, dün çok meşguldün.)
· He was born in England in 1564. (O, 1564'de İngiltere'de doğdu.)
· She was at the zoo yesterday afternoon. (O, dün öğleden sonra hayvanat bahçesindeydi.)
· Your car was out of order last week. (Araban geçen hafta bozuktu.)
· We were in the park two days ago. (Biz, iki gün önce parktaydık.)
· They were in the supermarket last weekend. (Onlar, geçen hafta sonu süpermarketdeydi.)
Geçmişte yaşayan ünlü kişilerin konumları ve durumları da bu yapı ile anlatılabilir. Örnekleri inceleyiniz.
· Mehmet Akif Ersoy was a poet. (Mehmet Akif Ersoy bir şairdi.)
· Metin Oktay was a footballer. (Metin Oktay futbolcuydu.)
· Marie Curie was a scientist. (Marie Curie bilim insanıydı.)
· Florence Nightingale was a nurse. (Florence Nightingale hemşireydi.)
· Neil Armstrong was an astronaut. (Neil Armstrong astronot idi.)
· The Beatles were famous pop group. (Beatles ünlü pop (müzik) gurubuydu.)
· Ayhan Işık was a very famous film star. (Ayhan Işık çok ünlü bir film yıldızıydı.)
· William Shakespeare were a writer. (William Shakespeare bir yazardı.)
· Atatürk was the first president of Turkey. (Atatürk, Türkiye'nin ilk cumhurbaşkanıydı.)
· Atatürk's mother's name was Zübeyde Hanım. (Atatürk'ün annesinin adı Zübeyde Hanım'dı.)
Cümle; was veya were yardımcı fiillerinden birisi ile başlıyorsa, soru halindedir.
· Were you happy when you were a child? (Çocukken mutlu muydun?)· Was there a festival last month? (Geçen ay bir festival var mıydı?
· Were you in the canteen yesterday morning? (Dün sabah kantinde miydin?)
· Was your grandpa fat in 1995? (Büyükbaban 1995'de şişman mıydı?)
· Was there an interesting film on TV yesterday? (Dün televizyonda ilginç bir film var mıydı?)
· Was Ayhan Işık a very famous film star? (Ayhan Işık çok ünlü bir film yıldızı mıydı?)
· Was your breakfast good? (Kahvaltın iyi miydi?)
Was veya were ile yapılmış sorulara - soru içinde or kelimesi yoksa - olumlu cevap yes ile olumsuz cevap no ile verilir.
Yardımcı fiiller, olumsuzluk eki not ile was + not = wasn’t; were + not = weren’t şeklinde birleşik yazılırlar. Bu yapı, cümleyi olumsuz yapar.
· She wasn't at work two days ago, because she was ill. (O, iki gün önce işde değildi, çünkü hastaydı.)
· My English exam wasn't difficult yesterday. (Dünkü İngilizce sınavı zor değildi.)
· I wasn’t good at football when I was young. (Gençken, futbolda iyi değildim.)
· We weren’t in England last week, but we are in England now. (Biz, geçen hafta İngiltere'de değildik, ama şimdi İngiltere'deyiz.)
· Sam and Sue weren't married last summer. (Sam ve Sue, geçen yaz evli değildiler.)
· There wasn't an interesting film on TV yesterday. (Dün televizyonda ilginç bir film yoktu.)
· I wasn’t at a camp last week. (Geçen hafta kampta değildim.)
· The shops weren't open last Sunday. (Geçen pazar dükkânlar açık değildi.)
· She wasn't tall, but she was very attractive. (O, uzun boylu değildi, ama o çok çekici idi.)
· You weren't very friendly to your brother. (Sen, erkek kardeşine karşı sevecen değildin.)
Question words (soru kelimeleri) ile yapılan şu örnekleri de inceleyiniz.
· What was your grandfather's job? (Büyük babanın mesleği ne idi?)
· Where were you born? (Nerede doğdun?)
· When were you born? (Ne zaman doğdun?)
· Who was the writer 'The National Turkish Anthem'? (Türk millî marşının yazarı kimdi?)
· How tall were you last year? (Geçen yıl boyun ne kadardı?)
· How was the food last night? (Dün gece yemek nasıldı?)
· How many children were there in your family? (Ailende kaç çocuk vardı?)
· Who was the first woman pilot in Turkey? (Türkiye'deki ilk kadın pilot kimdi?)
· Where were you last Ramadan Feast? (Geçen ramazan bayramında neredeydin?)
Bu zaman kipinde kullanılan bazı time expressions (zaman zarfları) şunlardır: Yesterday (dün), last night (geçen gece), last week (geçen hafta), last month (geçen ay), last Sunday (geçen pazar), two days ago (iki gün önce), vb. gibi …
Geçmiş zamanda – mesela, dün, geçen ay, geçen hafta, vb. gibi – kişi(ler)nin veya varlığın konumu, durumu, bulunduğu yer, vb. hâllerini anlatan cümlelerde was / were kullanılır.
To be (olmak) fiilinin present (şimdiki zaman) hali am, is, are; past (di’li geçmiş) hali was ve were’dür.
Was; I, he, she, it ile, were; you, we, they ile kullanılır. Örnekleri inceleyiniz.
Bu yapıda olumlu bir cümle şöyle kurulur:
Subject + was / were + place expressions + time expressions.
(Subject: özne; place expressions yer zarfı; time expressions: zaman zarfı; demektir.)
TO BE- PAST
|
Affirmative (OLUMLU ŞEKLİ)
| ||
Şahıs Zamiri
|
To Be
|
Örnek Cümle
| |
I
|
was
|
I was tired this morning.
| |
You
|
were
|
You were very good.
| |
He
|
was
|
He was the best in his class.
| |
She
|
was
|
She was late for work.
| |
It
|
was
|
It was a sunny day.
| |
We
|
were
|
We were at home.
| |
They
|
were
|
They were happy with their test result.
|
· You were very busy yesterday. (Sen, dün çok meşguldün.)
· He was born in England in 1564. (O, 1564'de İngiltere'de doğdu.)
· She was at the zoo yesterday afternoon. (O, dün öğleden sonra hayvanat bahçesindeydi.)
· Your car was out of order last week. (Araban geçen hafta bozuktu.)
· We were in the park two days ago. (Biz, iki gün önce parktaydık.)
· They were in the supermarket last weekend. (Onlar, geçen hafta sonu süpermarketdeydi.)
· Mehmet Akif Ersoy was a poet. (Mehmet Akif Ersoy bir şairdi.)
· Metin Oktay was a footballer. (Metin Oktay futbolcuydu.)
· Marie Curie was a scientist. (Marie Curie bilim insanıydı.)
· Florence Nightingale was a nurse. (Florence Nightingale hemşireydi.)
· Neil Armstrong was an astronaut. (Neil Armstrong astronot idi.)
· The Beatles were famous pop group. (Beatles ünlü pop (müzik) gurubuydu.)
· Ayhan Işık was a very famous film star. (Ayhan Işık çok ünlü bir film yıldızıydı.)
· William Shakespeare were a writer. (William Shakespeare bir yazardı.)
· Atatürk was the first president of Turkey. (Atatürk, Türkiye'nin ilk cumhurbaşkanıydı.)
· Atatürk's mother's name was Zübeyde Hanım. (Atatürk'ün annesinin adı Zübeyde Hanım'dı.)
TO BE- PAST
|
Questions (SORU ŞEKLİ)
|
Affirmative
|
Örnek Cümle
|
I was late
|
Was I late?
|
You were sick.
|
Were you sick?
|
He was surprised.
|
Was he surprised?
|
She was from Italy.
|
Was she from Italy?
|
It was a big house.
|
Was it a big house?
|
We were ready.
|
Were we ready?
|
They were busy.
|
Were they busy?
|
· Were you in the canteen yesterday morning? (Dün sabah kantinde miydin?)
· Was your grandpa fat in 1995? (Büyükbaban 1995'de şişman mıydı?)
· Was there an interesting film on TV yesterday? (Dün televizyonda ilginç bir film var mıydı?)
· Was Ayhan Işık a very famous film star? (Ayhan Işık çok ünlü bir film yıldızı mıydı?)
· Was your breakfast good? (Kahvaltın iyi miydi?)
Was veya were ile yapılmış sorulara - soru içinde or kelimesi yoksa - olumlu cevap yes ile olumsuz cevap no ile verilir.
Yardımcı fiiller, olumsuzluk eki not ile was + not = wasn’t; were + not = weren’t şeklinde birleşik yazılırlar. Bu yapı, cümleyi olumsuz yapar.
TO BE- PAST
|
Negative (OLUMSUZ ŞEKLİ)
|
|
Şahıs Zamiri
|
To Be
|
Örnek Cümle
|
I
|
were not
|
I was
not tired this morning.
|
You
|
were not
|
You were not crazy.
|
He
|
was not
|
He was
not married.
|
She
|
was not
|
She was not famous.
|
It
|
was not
|
It was
not hot yesterday.
|
We
|
were not
|
We were not invited.
|
They
|
were not
|
They were
not friends.
|
· My English exam wasn't difficult yesterday. (Dünkü İngilizce sınavı zor değildi.)
· I wasn’t good at football when I was young. (Gençken, futbolda iyi değildim.)
· We weren’t in England last week, but we are in England now. (Biz, geçen hafta İngiltere'de değildik, ama şimdi İngiltere'deyiz.)
· Sam and Sue weren't married last summer. (Sam ve Sue, geçen yaz evli değildiler.)
· There wasn't an interesting film on TV yesterday. (Dün televizyonda ilginç bir film yoktu.)
· I wasn’t at a camp last week. (Geçen hafta kampta değildim.)
· The shops weren't open last Sunday. (Geçen pazar dükkânlar açık değildi.)
· She wasn't tall, but she was very attractive. (O, uzun boylu değildi, ama o çok çekici idi.)
· You weren't very friendly to your brother. (Sen, erkek kardeşine karşı sevecen değildin.)
Question words (soru kelimeleri) ile yapılan şu örnekleri de inceleyiniz.
· What was your grandfather's job? (Büyük babanın mesleği ne idi?)
· Where were you born? (Nerede doğdun?)
· When were you born? (Ne zaman doğdun?)
· Who was the writer 'The National Turkish Anthem'? (Türk millî marşının yazarı kimdi?)
· How tall were you last year? (Geçen yıl boyun ne kadardı?)
· How was the food last night? (Dün gece yemek nasıldı?)
· How many children were there in your family? (Ailende kaç çocuk vardı?)
· Who was the first woman pilot in Turkey? (Türkiye'deki ilk kadın pilot kimdi?)
· Where were you last Ramadan Feast? (Geçen ramazan bayramında neredeydin?)
Bu zaman kipinde kullanılan bazı time expressions (zaman zarfları) şunlardır: Yesterday (dün), last night (geçen gece), last week (geçen hafta), last month (geçen ay), last Sunday (geçen pazar), two days ago (iki gün önce), vb. gibi …
