INTRODUCTION (Giriş)
Geçmişte başlamış bir eylemin gelecekte belli bir zamana (an, olay, eylem) kadar devam etmekte olacağını dile getirmek için “The Future Perfect Continuous” kullanılır. Sözü geçen eylemin ne zaman başladığı ya da başlayacağı bu cümlelerde tam olarak belirtilmemektedir. Bu tense ile cümle kurarken bir eylemin ne kadar süre devam etmekte olduğunu belirtin ifadeler kullanmak gerekir. Yan Cümleciklerde “The Simple Present” kullanılır. Bu tür söz dizilerinde kullanılan İlgeçler (prepositions) ve Bağlaçlar (conjunctions) şunlardır:
till then
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until
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by then
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by
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before then
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by the time
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by that time
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when
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- I shall have been teaching English for ten years by the end of the year.
- When we arrive in New York, we shall have been travelling for four days.
- I shall have been learning English for four years at the end of this year.
- In 1981 I shall have been living in Istanbul for exactly ten years.
- l shall have been waiting here for two hours when the clock strikes six.
- She will have been playing the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto for about twenty minutes by the time we get home
- How long will you have been working in that factory by next year?
- My mother will have been cooking in the kitchen for two hours by twelve o'clock.
- It will have been raining for two days by then.
- In 1995 we shall have been-living here for 25 years.
- The manager is going to give Janet a gold watch on her birthday. She will have been working for forty years in the same office, on that day.
- By this time tomorrow, Ken will have been travelling for more than eight hours.
USAGE (Kullanışı)
Future Perfect Continuous cümlelerle kullanacağımız fiiller mutlaka hareket ifade eden filler(action verbs) olmalı, hareket ifade etmeyen fiiller(non-action verbs) yada bir anda olup biten eylemleri kullandığımızda Future Perfect Simple cümlelerle kullanılır.
- The magistrates will give their decision tomorrow. They will have heard the evidence by then.
- At the end of this year I will have finished my new book.
- When the bell rings, I will have been teaching for exactly one hour.
- By the time the next election is held, the government will have been ruling the country for five years.
“By the time” yapısı “be” ile kullanılrken genelikle Future Perfect Tense gerektirir. Bu durumda zaman içinde bir süreç gerekmektedir.
- By the time the guests arrive, we will have have been ready for an hour.
- He will have been here for twenty years by the time he retires.
Ancak, süreç belirtmeyen bir zaman zarfı yoksa “be” fiili Simple Future (will be) olarak kullanılır.
- By the time the guests arrive we will be ready.
- By the time he rturns from holiday, we will be here.
Süreç ifade eden bir zaman zarfı kullanılmışsa Future Perfect continous kullanılır.
- By next month, my mother will have been teaching English at this school for fifteen years.
Ancak, süreç değil miktar, yada sayı ifade edilmiş ise Future Perfect Simple kullanılır.
- By next month, my mother will have taught thousand students.
